Symbolism of Geometry in Dickens Hard Times - Literature Essay Samples

In Charles Dickens’ literary satire, Hard Times, geometryespecially that of squares and circlesserves an important thematic function. The â€Å"man of hard facts,† Thomas Gradgrind, has a â€Å"square forefinger,† â€Å"square wall of a forehead,† and a â€Å"square coat, square legs, square shoulders.† (11) The very schoolroom in which Gradgrind teaches is described as â€Å"plain, bare, monotonous vault† (11)this again evoking a squareon an inclined plane, with lines of children filling the room. In contrast, Sleary’s circus, where Sissy Jupe comes from, suggests an ongoing, perfect circle, that never changes. Even when the reader visits the carefree and lively circus a decade after Sissy first attends Gradgrind’s model school, the same clowns performing in the circus and Sissy herself are still present. Thus, Dickens uses the geometry of shapes to demonstrate the differences in lifestyle between the hard-edged, â€Å"squareà ¢â‚¬  Gradgrind, and the vivacious, â€Å"circular† Sissy. In geometry, a circle is a figure with no starting points or ending points, and can be rotated any way and look the same. Sissy, who has grown up in the circus ring, represents imagination, independence, and, most important, endurance. At the start of Hard Times, the dark-eyed and dark-haired girl is not very smart, but content; she expresses her creativitynot her ability to recite factsthrough her dreams of a carpet that â€Å"was very pretty and pleasant† (16). By referencing her circus roots, Dickens reminds the reader that â€Å"happy Sissy’s happy children [loved] her† even after a decade has passed in the novel (292). Compared to the Gradgrind children and model students, Sissy is quite probably the most stable character in the novel, because the never-ending pulse of circus life has ultimately shaped her into an individual of perfect, eternal love; Dickens reinforces this by continually r eferring to the circular aspect of the ring. While others change around Sissy, she offers guidance, as she does to Gradgrind’s daughter Louisa, even when she admits that she hated Sissy, responding: â€Å"‘I have always loved you, and have always wished that you should know it’† (224). The perfection and continuity of a circle suits the personality of the reliable Sissy Jupe. Conversely, Thomas Gradgrind has become emotionally hardened by his mantra: â€Å"Stick to Facts, sir!† (11) Like the square that Dickens so often compares him to, he is rigid, sharp, and like a box for holding facts and knowledge. Gradgrind has no support or sympathy for his daughter Louisa, or any other human being: all he essentially wants to accomplish is filling â€Å"the inclined plane of little vessels then and there arranged [at his school]† with â€Å"imperial gallons of facts†¦until they were full to the brim† (12). However, the appearance of Sissy Jupe immediately begins to melt away the corners of his box-shaped heart. Early in the novel, Dickens uses the word â€Å"square† to describe Gradgrind and his household at least ten times, but as the novel progresses as Sissy begins to take an active role in his life, the reader notices the word less and less. Gradgrind begins to regain his redemption from insensitivity by letting Sissy stay at his model school and house very early in the novel. By the end of Hard Times, Sissy’s influence on his household has affected him deeply; he allows Louisa to come back home after her disastrous marriage fails, but most importantly, he learns to ask for kindness and he realizes his failure as a teacher of all things factual. The cold, calculating, and determined Bitzer, a former model pupil of Gradgrind’s, is willing to sacrifice Gradgrind’s son Tom Junior for his own betterment, but Gradgrind surprisingly feels compassion for his son and asks for compassion: †Å" ‘Is [your heart, Bitzer,] accessible,’ cried Mr. Gradgrind, ‘to any compassionate influence?’† (281) Formerly, the square and sensible Gradgrind would have never begged for help, but under the influence of Sissy, Gradgrind pleads and realizes the mistake of his utilitarian schooling system. In the first two chapters of Hard Times, the reader immediately sees the stark difference between the severity of the cubic schoolroom and the lively circus. While Sissy Jupe infects and changes all with the virtue she carries from the circuswhich carries on even without herGradgrind initially stifles the imagination of his young schoolchildren and pours facts into their box-like minds. However, Sissy, who is the catalyst of change, manages to transform the character, the shape, of her employer. Sissy melts the hard edges of Gradgrind’s square faà §ade into a loving, kind human being, who in turn becomes part of the circle of life.

The Universal Declaration Of Human Rights Essay - 1276 Words

A human right is an ethical choice and moral belief belonging to all humans regardless of traits, status, location, color, gender, or belief system. Making the connection to a universal law, the United Nations Rights High Commissioner explains these rights are, â€Å"guaranteed by law† and protected as â€Å"fundamental freedoms† (OHCHR, 2016). The Cambridge Dictionary defines privilege as â€Å"an advantage that only one person or group of people has† listing examples such as having a high social position or wealth (Cambridge Dictionary, 2016). Those deserving of healthcare, according to the first article of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, should go to all born free and equal. Using universal healthcare systems of other countries as examples, the U.S. should make healthcare a human right and a priority for all citizens. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights lists 30 protected articles with descriptions of each. Citizens of 192 nations under the UN have rights to education, religion, equality, fair trials, marriage, property, asylum, opinion, representation of their country, work, rest, and to live in safe and adequate housing (U.S. Dept. of State, 2008). From these articles, other countries have morally chosen to grant their citizens basic healthcare, or at least affordable rates for most (NY Dept. of Health, 2011). Mainly, â€Å"standard of living† (Article 25) is the article that justifies healthcare as a right, stating health and wellbeing as basic needs of individuals andShow MoreRelatedThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights1728 Words   |  7 Pagespeople. Culture can impede progress and leave women, minorities and other sub-sects of a society without the basic human rights that they deserve. Clinging too close to culture can be dangerous. The Foundations of a Universal Declaration The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was drafted shortly after the United Nations was established in 1945. The aim of the Declaration was to ensure that an atrocity such as the mass killings of Jews and other minorities in Nazi Germany would never happenRead MoreThe Universal Declaration of Human Rights1131 Words   |  5 PagesHuman rights are moral principles that set out specific standards of human behavior, and are normally ensured as lawful rights in both national and global law. They are acknowledged to be inalienable, since anybody is characteristically qualified for it essentially on the grounds that they are individuals. Whatever our nationality, sex, shade, religion, dialect, or ethnic source is, we are all just as qualified for our rights without separation or discrimination. All human rights are resolute andRead MoreThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights Essay1368 Words   |  6 Pages The Universal Declaration of Human rights was adopted in the UN gene ral assembly by the 10th December 1948. This is the first time that the world recognized that everyone had the right to enjoy freedom of speech, freedom of religion and freedom from fear and want, and many other rights. International human rights come along way; before there was no rights. The idea of having rights that led to the development of international human rights takes time. There are benchmarks developments in internationalRead MoreUniversal Declaration Of Human Rights1263 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, a doctrine created to ensure a mutual standard of treatment amongst all humans, every person deserves an equal set of life standards. According to Article 18 of this 30 Article document, â€Å"everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teachingRead MoreThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights1417 Words   |  6 PagesImplemented in 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) delineates the basic rights and freedoms entitled to all humans. The freedom of speech and the right to express beliefs freely is a universal human right protected by Article 19 of the UDHR. It declares that â€Å"everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression† and can â€Å"hold opinions without interference†. The regional agreements of Iran, China and Bahrain are in accordance with the Universal Declaration and are fully dedicatedRead MoreThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights892 Words   |  4 PagesHuman rigths is an essential component of a tolerant and individually satisfied society. They are created to defend people’s dignity, equality and liberty. However, for thousands of years people lived with no garanteed rights, until 1948, when United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. But is the Universal Declaration of Human Rigths really universal to all states and humans living in them? I am going to argue if Human Rights should or should not be unically adapted to differentRead MoreThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights875 Words   |  4 PagesI feel that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) does have a western bias. Many people look to US for guidance, but not many other nations copy our way of life. States can sign treaties, but they cannot be reassured that the other nation will keep its word. The US and the UN should maybe not be engaging in promoting western society, but they should be engaging in promoting the protection of human rights. The UN UDHR fought for minimal rights in 1948 by identifying three types of generationsRead MoreThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights1485 Words   |  6 Pages1003236982 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states â€Å"that human rights are held by all persons equally and universally forever† –hence, they are universal held. This is due to them being the exact same for all human beings anywhere in the world. One cannot acquire human rights because of where they come from, but because they are a member of the human race. Nobody can lose those human rights, nor can they be taken away for whatever the reason may be. Together, we have the right to express ourselvesRead MoreThe Declaration Of Universal Human Rights869 Words   |  4 PagesGeneral Assembly (UNGA) set forth a declaration of universal human rights. The goal was to set a common standard of rights based on â€Å"recognition of the inherent dignity and equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family.† It was meant to become the perfect social contract but unfortunately was not upheld even by the signatory nations themselves. Many critics now looking b ack have cited the overreaching ideals as the downfall of the declaration but yet many have responded saying itRead MoreThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights3323 Words   |  14 Pagesthe Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), the concept of human rights has gradually become one of the most commonly accepted universal norms, referred to in United Nations resolutions, national constitutions and regional and international treaties. Even so, human rights violations occur on an almost daily basis in countries around the world. The term seems to be at the forefront of contemporary political discourses, with its meaning at most times remaining unclear. In theory, human rights

Love Love For God Or For One Another - 1574 Words

Love comes in various types and forms. The same love someone might feel for a friend isn’t the same as the love a person might feel for a partner or a tv show or a family member. There are various terms for different types of love, Agape, Eros, Storge, Mania, Pragma, Ludus and Philia are the six main types of love that people experience. Agape is allegedly the highest form of love, it’s unconditional love that people will love the other person no matter what, it surpasses physical love and enters into spiritual love. Love for God or for one another. Eros is love that is of love and erotic or intimate love, in which it focuses primarily on beauty or physical attraction sexually. Storge, is a slow growing love for family, friends and commitment and similar interests rather than passion. Mania is the love of wanting to be loved and being extremely possessive and obsessively jealous, seeing themselves as special. Pragma relies on logic and background, the love type wants ev erything in their relationship to work out and everything desired to be filled. Ludus love is love that requires an aspect of entertainment from each other, and as long as the partners are interesting they will stay with them. Finally, Philia, is the love for ‘brothers’ or being in a team or group, working together and loving who they work with. The question is: What type of Love had the most impact for Janie in Their Eyes Were Watching God written by Zora Neale Hurston? Tea Cake s love had the most influenceShow MoreRelated The Greatest Of These Is Love Essay996 Words   |  4 Pageshope and love. But the greatest of these is love. (1 Corinthians 13:13) No matter how anointed we are in our preaching, teaching, evangelizing, ministering, etc ... there is no greater evidence of our knowledge of God than how we LOVE one another. Love comes from God and everyone who loves has been born of God and knows Him. (1 John 4:7) The indwelling of Gods love in us perfects our human character. Without it, we have no foundation on which to build our Christian lives. Love is not justRead MoreLove Is An Important Thing893 Words   |  4 PagesLove is an important thing in our life. Without love there is no reason to be a good person. Every person needs love in their life, no matter how beautiful, handsome, or strong they are. Love is always patient, kind, loyal, faithful, and true. Those who know about it, in their life, they can always get peace and joy, but those who don’t know the meaning of love, their life’s might be messed up. There are many different ways to love people. It can be between parents and children, friends, relativesRead MoreHoliness And Love : Holiness957 Words   |  4 Pagesthat show up countless times but two of the most important are holiness and love. Holiness is critical to Scripture because it outlines how pure and righteous God himself is but also describes many of the prophets as they came to personally know God and their wicked hearts were changed and washed clean, so they too could become righteous an d pure in heart and action. Love is the central theme of the Bible because it was love that drove his decision to send his only begotten son to our world so thatRead MoreGod s Love For Mankind997 Words   |  4 Pagesonce said, â€Å"Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud† (1 Corinthians 13:4). Love is one of the many attributes of God and His creation. Through all of the various types of love in this world, God’s love is the most abundant. His love is cast over every being on earth. This specific love, Divine Love, can be coupled with charity.. These two attributes contribute to God’s love for mankind, mankind s love for God, and mankind’s love for one another. God’sRead MoreThe Doctrine Of God Is Love1139 Words   |  5 PagesIn book one John states (4:7) that, â€Å"love is from God,† and then he continues in (4:8) that, â€Å"God is love.† Undoubtedly, even nonbelievers may perhaps exhibit agape love for others. Agnostic or unbelieving parents frequently possess sacrificial or agape love for their families and or their spouses. Soldiers who are nonbelieving might throw their bodies on a grenade to spare the lives of the comrades. These type loving acts stem from God’s shared grace. This kind of sacrificial or agape love is so profoundRead MoreConflicts Are Inevitable But They Initiate Changes And Opportunities For Spiritual Growth977 Words   |  4 Pagesleast one passage in every book in the New Testament to believers to live at peace with one another. The largest part is found in the teachings of Jesus and His apostles. No matter what the conflict may be the Bible s advice is spiritually sound and practical for promoting peace and harmony, whomever and whatever the conflict may be. We are repeatedly instructed to love one another as seen in John 13:34, A new command I give you: Love one another. As I have loved you, so you must love one anotherRead MoreGod s Holiness And Love Essay971 Words   |  4 PagesWhen I think of holiness and love, I think of Jesus. He truly shows the meaning of love and holiness. He loved us enough to die for our sins when He was sinless. Everything that is done should be out of love. All throughout the Bible, we can see what love really is. God’s holiness shows us love. The holiness you give is devoted love to God. You have to have holiness and love. The one who claims to be God would have to demonstrate God-like moral attributes of holiness, love and goodness, or those qualitiesRead MoreEssay about The Screwtape Letters - Types of Love1321 Words   |  6 Pagesmore) including The Screwtape Letters, Mere Christianity, and The Four Loves. He brought fantasy and entertainment into his writing along with slight to thunderous b its of theology woven through his stories and books. This made Lewis one of the most influential Christian writers of the 20th century. One of the better known books from C.S. Lewis is The Screwtape Letters. The Screwtape Letters is a fiction book comprised of thirty-one letters from Screwtape, a senior tempter and head in a department inRead MoreThe Prayer Of A Good Shepherd950 Words   |  4 Pageshis love, about this care and protection as a good shepherd. Many readings during this time have come to us, to our help; today we received the ‘main commandment’ love. In the prelude, we were able to hear the fruits of preaching of the apostles. In the second that we just heart we have an image of the New Jerusalem, the promise to those who fulfill Gods commandment, finally the gospel, which is the apex of today celebration we can see what really matters, what is really important: LOVE! Love SomeRead MoreThe General Theory Of Love Essay1670 Words   |  7 PagesLove is such a complicated word, it is so simple to see it as a simple math problem with a one or two letter response but in all actuality, love is much much more complicated. It is this thought that what we have interpreted here on this earth is one type of love and God has another type of love designed for us. In the book â€Å"The General Theory of Love† it discusses this idea of love through attachment and how the baby monkey if given a choice can choose whether it gets comfort and safety from one

Punishment And Tough On Crime Era Policies Essay - 1983 Words

In this period of mass incarceration and tough on crime era policies, harsh prison and jail conditions are being utilized as a form of deterrent to reduce crime and improve public safety. Accordingly, well over â€Å"2.3 million people are in prison or jail, and 700,000 former offenders are returned into society each year and 77 percent were sent back to prison costing taxpayers massive amounts of revenue.† (Mears Cochran, 2015) As a result of this the United States possesses the â€Å"highest incarceration rate in the world† due to this faulty theory. (Mears Cochran, 2015) For many politicians and the general public, they believe the idea that stringent and austere prison conditions will create a milieu in which an offender will want to reform to avoid these intolerable living environments. This situation is exacerbated by the lack of studies, and politicians not heeding the existing research. According to Listwan et al., limited number of studies that has paid syste matic attention to how exposure to the deprivations or pains of imprisonment might foster reoffending. This omission is somewhat perplexing, given that the pains of imprisonment have long been documented and that policymakers have explicitly celebrated the painfulness of prisons as a way of teaching offenders that â€Å"crime does not pay.† (Listwan et al., 2013) However, these intentions are faulty, and it raises a myriad of issues about mass imprisonment and reentry. Brutal and insufferable prison conditions create anShow MoreRelatedClassical Vs. Classical Criminology989 Words   |  4 Pagesacknowledge human behaviour as a cause of crime (Morrison 1995). This has led some researchers to argue that classical criminology cannot be considered as a science (Garland 1985). Further, researchers have, however, disputed these claims, arguing that the research provided by classical criminologists is useful and has provided a gateway for many criminal justice reforms. In light of this, this essay will outline the classical criminological theory of crime causation, if any, and discuss how this positionRead MoreThe Increased Prison Population and Improper Punishment System1083 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Within the context of the post 9/11 era a complex and arguably contradictory and paradoxical set of conditions, practices and policies have emerged in relation to how we see, represent, understand and acknowledge the diversity of ‘Others’† (2008). In this paper, I have discussed issue of racism which our contemporary society is facing. Overcrowded prisons and improper punishment systems are immense social issues for many nations’ governments. Growing prison punishment has led to congested prison andRead MoreInvestigating The Roots Of The Prison Industrial Complex1576 Words   |  7 PagesObama granted clemency to 46 prisoners, facing decades of prison time for low-level non-violent drug offenses. Obama said the nation is spending too much money on incarceration of individuals who received long sentences for relatively minor drug crimes, and so by granting amnesty to these 46 prisoners, he hopes to push the drive towards prison reform. This simple action gave four dozen prisoners a second chance at life. This brings Obama’s commutations to 89. Presidential clemency has always beenRead MoreCorrections: From Rehabilitation to a More Punitive Model Essay1594 Words   |  7 Pagessystem as the appropriate locus for disability related policy matters†. Clear, T., Cole, G. (2013) acknowledged that most of the states started building prisons and transformed the others in the correctional institutions between 1960s and 1970s. The rehabilitation model was conquered and the counselors or teachers administered the treatment programs at that time. In the facilities the greater preference were security, disciple, and order. In that era prisoners enjoyed a lot constitutional rights asRead MoreJuvenile Crime And Crime Rates1609 Words   |  7 PagesJuvenile crime is one of the nation s most serious problems. Concerns about it are generally broadcasted by federal, state, and local government officials and by the public. In years prior, the burden developed beginning with the dramatic rise in juvenile violence in the eighties reaching an all-time peak in the first part of the nineties. Even though juvenile crime rates seem to have lowered since the mid-nineties, the reduction has not eased the concern. Many states began taking strict statutoryRead MoreEssay On Law And Order Politics801 Words   |  4 PagesAs the atmosphere inside and outside of Donald Trump’s rallies took a violent turn this weekend, the comparisons grew between Trump and two figures from an earlier era of tumult: President Richard Nixon, and George Walla ce, the conservative populist politician whose 1968 campaign for president drew on cries for â€Å"law and order.† Trump’s language has clearly been harkening back to that tumultuous Vietnam War period, even using the same phrases. â€Å"There has to be some decorum,† he said in St. Louis onRead MoreThe United States Juvenile Justice Court Was Based On The1325 Words   |  6 Pagesthe age of childhood influenced England’s juvenile justice. Eventually the English common-law established â€Å"children under seven should not face any legal penalties† (Bartollas Miller, 2017, p.4), making children under the age of 7 exempt from punishment. At the beginning of the juvenile justice system in the United States, the United States continued the English practices to include that the family is in control of the children. But it was during the colonial times and later that the communitiesRead MoreSocial Issues Should Serve As A Guide Rather Than A Solidified Model3239 Words   |  13 Pagessocial trends we will also see changes in socially acceptable behaviors, including delinquency. Implementing criminal justice policies and procedures based on social attitudes and behaviors increases the potentia l for injustice to occur via unrealistic expectation that the trend will remain constant throughout an ever evolving society. Changes to our justice system policies and practices should be implemented in fair and balanced capacities, thus trending social issues should serve as a guide ratherRead MoreThe Incarceration Of The Correctional System910 Words   |  4 Pagesthrough incarceration, probation, or parole, while prisons are the most popular correctional agency in America. Prisons in America were among some of the first public buildings established in the New World. Early prisons were not considered â€Å"houses of punishment,† but were rather referred to as temporary holding cells. The history of U.S. prisons from the late 1700s to the late 1800s was marked by a shift from a penitentiary system primarily concerned with rehabilitation to one concerned more with warehousingRead MorePunishing Race : A Continuing American Dilemma979 Words   |  4 PagesProfessor Michael T onry is the McKnight Presidential Professor of Criminal Law and Policy, director of the Institute on Crime and Public Policy of the University of Minnesota. He is one of the leading scholars of crime and punishment who has put race and race disparity at for front of the American Criminal Justice System and written many scholarly books on the topic. In his other works he has shaped an image of how racially minded the Criminal Justice System is and how such injustice has been applied

Essay about Mass Media - 1507 Words

Discuss some of the concerns and anxieties aroused by the emergence of mass culture There has always been a definitive struggle to define culture as it is so complex and means something different to each individual. Culture affects all of us in different ways resulting in multiple definitions of culture. Culture had previously been seen as a way of improvement and growth, helping us to understand our place in society and guiding us towards a better understanding of ourselves. Over the previous number of decades our society and culture has changed significantly without us even realising that this can have a number of effects on the way we live our daily lives. The major changes in our society such as industrialisation, modernisation†¦show more content†¦Early examples of how the upper class has brought about the emergence of mass culture is in early cinema. Films were only screened in movie palaces to the upper class due to its exclusivity. As cinema became increasingly popular entertainment began to be provided, then gradually small movie theatres began to open. Some of the early cinemas were named Nickelodeon cinemas. This shows the full circle of mass culture, from the upper class to the working class. This new development of things such as radio, television and film worried many people as it began a move towards a more commercial culture, more concerned with profit rather than the use of culture for improvement. Many feared that the new way of communicating with the masses would be misused for propagandistic methods. The ideology that was put across by this new form of mass communication showed a more favoured opinion toward the fascist state. This new form of mass culture or communication allowed them to speak to the masses in a way they could never before. This was a huge change for our society and culture as we know it. This apparent americanisation of our culture as we know it showed the seeping or trickling through of american ideologies and ideas, which could now be brought to the masses due to the huge developments in mass culture. There are even the developments of new classes such as the creative class which have begun to have a huge influence on culture as we know it.Show MoreRelatedMedia In Mass Media1555 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction In more recent years, the mass media has begun to play a huge part in how the general public’s view on the world and how they receive their news. When mass media was first introduced, it shared news alongside the main conveyer – print, but with the growth of social media and the web, news has taken a technological turn. When it comes to sharing any form of news, it has become more common for people to check the internet using their phones. Mass media platforms like radio, television andRead MoreMass Media2588 Words   |  11 PagesGimnazija â€Å"Filip Visnjic† Bijeljina Maturski rad iz engleskog jezika Vocabulary: Mass media Mentor: Kandidat: Prof. Ljiljana Dragic Milos Kuvelja IV1 Bijeljina, maj 2013. Content Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 Mass media I†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.4 Mass media II†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.9 Mass media III†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..12 Collocations and Phrases†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..17 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..18 Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreMass Media And Social Media1795 Words   |  8 PagesEvolution of Media in Presidential Campaigns The effects of mass media and social media have changed the way people have experienced presidential campaigns in many ways. With the development of new technologies through the last hundred years many different ways of experiencing the campaigns have taken place. Newspapers, radio, television, internet and social media websites have changed the ways we all have experienced elections. Between 1960 and today, there have been many milestones in mass media and theRead MoreMass Media Communication1719 Words   |  7 PagesDefinition Mass media is a media intended for a large audience. It may take the form of broadcast media, as in the case of television and radio, or print media, like newspapers and magazines. Internet media can also attain mass media status, and many media outlets maintain a web presence to take advantage of the ready availability of Internet in many regions of the world. Some people also refer to it as the â€Å"mainstream media,† referencing the fact that it tends to stick to prominent stories whichRead MoreWhat is Mass Media?917 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is Mass Media? 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One use of the term ‘mass’ was negative to refer to the mass of people or the ‘common people’ – who were seen as uneducated, ignorant, unruly or violent. ‘Mass’ could also be used in a positive sense as in ‘mass movement’ – such as trade unionism, socialism, or working class solidarity againstRead MoreThe World of Mass Media1067 Words   |  5 PagesThe world of Mass Media is a complicated place as told by former TV and Radio reporter, Al Meyers. â€Å"You never know what you’re going to be doing, but then there’s the ability to be able to do it and to share that with the people who are listening.† Meyers, who is retired, gave me the pleasure of sitting down and talking to me about the world of Mass Media Communication, then and now. 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British Airways Stakeholders - Market Structure & Regulations - Sample

Question: Write a report on British Airways by providing a thorough analysis of the Business Environment in which the company operates. Answer: Types of organization There are different types of organization and the structure of the organization is completely dependent on the type of the organization. Few of the types of organization are discussed below. The formal organization will help all the activities to be very well planned. If an employee in the organization is planning to get something done then it will include lot of formalities. A lot of formalities will be in place so that the employees can follow a process. Apart from that, a formal organization will also be well guided by the set of legal formalities that they need to follow so that all the activities are well planned in advance. Informal organization is another type of organization and this is generally formed by a small group of people. This organization is not dependent on the legal formalities or processes. This is more dependent on the trust that members in the organization share with that of each other. Grape vine communication system is followed in the organization and it is considered to be perfect only when the number of employees in the organization is very less. Matrix organization is the third type of the organization. In this organization, every employee in the organization will receive commands from one senior. This helps the employees to be clear regarding what needs to be done and what needs to be avoided. The processes are clearly defined and the employees are also aware of the seniority in the organization (Coppola 2001). Project organization is another type of organization wherein the management of the organization will be sure regarding what they need to do and the also the ultimate goal of the organization. This organization is completely dependent on people who are skilled and also people who have the capability in them to help the organization to reach the ultimate goal. Virtual organization is something that is dependent on the modern technologies that are widely available for the purpose of communication. This organization operates exactly like a formal organization but the employees in the organization may be present at different locations and they will communicate with each other via various communication technologies (Otley 2013). Objectives of British Airways and Stakeholders Short term objective of British Airways The main objective of British Airways is to focus on aviation business, help people to move from one location to that of another and they will also help their customers in also moving the cargo. The organization will also look for ways by which they can develop new products and services so that the satisfaction of the customers can be increased (King 2001). Long term objectives Most of the countries in the world are aware about the presence of British airways but the management of BA wants to be an organization that is known throughout the world. They will try to motivate people from different corners of the world so that they can opt for BA whenever they are planning to fly. The organization will also look for ways by which they can justify the premium price that the customers will be paying. This will motivate the customers to pay rather than that of thinking that the airways are charging extra (Segal 2009). Stakeholders and the impact of challenge on them The challenges that are faced by the organization will create an impact on the stakeholders. Few of the challenges that create an impact on the shareholders of the business are discussed below. If the price of the services associated with flying with British Airways is increased then this will directly create an impact on the customers. The customers will have to shell out more from their pockets and hence, there are also possibilities that the customers may opt for some other airways over BA. It is very important to consider the expectations that the employees have from the organization. If the organization doesnt look for ways to satisfy the requirements of the employees then the employees may leave the company. It will be very expensive for the company to train the new resources and hence, it is always better to retain the existing customers. Government will come up with various norms so that the company can be in line with the requirements of the society. It is the responsibility of the management to comply with the government policies. If the company doesnt comply with the government policies then they will be fined and in severe situation, the organization will also be forced to shut down (Eugene 2003). Economic systems There are different types of economic systems in the world and each economic system will create a different impact on the British Airways. Each economy has its own advantages and disadvantages so it is the responsibility of the management of British Airways to make decisions accordingly. The impact of each economic system is discussed below. Command economies believe in understanding the demand of the product or service and then they accordingly plan their production. This economic system does create an impact on the business of British Airways. British Airways can increase the number of trips during the peak season. During the peak hours, British Airways can also hire more contract employees so that they dont end up paying to excess employees, throughout the year. Free Market economy is an economy wherein the government doesnt interfere in the decisions of the business. Such an economy doesnt exist for British Airways. The decisions of British Airways need to be in line with the government policies of the particular government. Mixed economy is being adopted by many countries. In this kind of economy, the government makes regulations and at the same time, it gives freedom to the organization as well to make decisions. British Airways believes in working with such economies rather than that of forming their own policies. Transition economy is the economy in the form of transition from one economy to that of another. These kind of economies can be really problematic to the business as they may not have a stable policy and hence, businesses will suffer. Challenges in dealing with the stakeholders There are different group of stakeholders for British Airways and each group of stakeholder has a different of expectation from the company. Few of the stakeholders and the challenges associated with various stakeholders are discussed below. First and foremost, British Airways is concerned about the customers who like to travel through British Airways. Providing value for money is one of the most important things that the organization does. British Airways provides premium service to the customers so that the customers are satisfied with the services and products that they receive from BA (Dana 1999). The second customers would be employees. Employee satisfaction survey is conducted at regular intervals so that the employees can express their expectations to the management. The management analysis the expectations of the employees and then change in the policy are made accordingly. This allows the employees to feel important while they are associated with the organization. Government of different countries is concerned about the policies and regulations that are associated with the organization. British Airways takes a note of various policies that they need to follow in each of the country so that they can fulfill all the requirements and at the same time, this will help the company to be free from all the legal complexities. Apart from that, British Airways has a legal department that will take care of the legal formalities that they need to complete (Prassl 2011). Impact of regulatory, competitive policies and legal changes in the airline industry The change in the regulatory policies, competitive policies and the legal policies creates a direct impact in the airline industry. To stay ahead in the competition, British Airways also needs to fulfill that. Few of the places wherein one can see the impact of change are discussed below. As British Airways is a government establishment and hence, any change in the regulatory policy will have to reflect on the policies of British Airways as well. If the wage policy of the government employees to be changes then British Airways will have to change the wage structure of all the employees in the British Airways. This will create a huge impact on the management and also the budget that has been prepared for the particular year (Swickard 2003). Apart from sticking to the government policies those are in place, the management of British Airways also needs to keep a track of the other companies which are considered as a competitor by British Airways. If one of the airways reduces the price of their ticket fares then there are possibilities that the customers would opt for that particular airline over British Airways and hence, the management of British Airways will have to continuously track the performance of competitors in the industry. Just like all the companies, British Airways will have to stick to legal policies that are in place. If the organization will have maintain a particular set of documents for record keeping then British Airways will have to maintain it rather than that of being ignorant. If the requirements of the legal policies arent met then the government will be forced to change the management (OLeary 2002). Impact of market structure on the pricing and demand of airline industry The market structure of airline industry is oligopoly in nature. There are few airline companies but all the companies are trying hard to attract and retain the same set of customers. The competition among the companies in the airline industry is very high as they know that they will have to be competitive enough so that they can survive in the market. Each company in the airline industry has the power to decide on the prices at which they would like to offer services but at the same time, the company cannot just randomly set anything that they think is appropriate (Ellis 2011). Talking about the price in oligopolistic market, it is the responsibility of the management to decide on a price that will be accepted by people. If pricing of the company is more than that of the other companies in the industry then all the companies will ultimately boycott the company that has high price. If airway looks for ways to justify the price that they are charging then there are possibilities that the customers would like to be associated with the business. The demand for the airways is also dependent on the market structure. In airlines industry, there are multiple companies which offer the same service and hence, if the customer is not satisfied with the service provided by one of the companies then there are possibilities that they will boycott that particular company and will look for some other company that will meet up with their requirements. The demand for flying is high but there are plenty of companies in the airline industry and hence, the customer may opt for some other competitor (Arnold 2008). Impact of different players and market forces on organizational responses It is responsibility of the management of British Airways to track the different players who are available in the market. Each of the players in the market will come up with some or other creative ways so that they can survive in the market. The management of British Airways will have to look for ways by which they can come up with strategies that are competitive enough to compete against the contenders in the market. The government regulations create a direct impact on the organizational responses of British Airways. British Airways is a government owned airlines and they will have to look for ways by which they can be in line with the requirements of the government. Slight deviation from the government policies may be seen in some private companies but that will create a direct impact on British Airways (Mannion 2011). The continuous improvement in the technology also creates an impact on the changes that create an impact on the organization decisions. With the help of technology, British Airways can help the customers to gain complete knowledge about the products and services that are available with them. This knowledge will help the customers to better choice and hence, their customer satisfaction will improve. There are plenty of internet applications that is helping the passengers to check in through the mobile. The mobile screen can be used as a boarding pass and at the same time, the live status of the flight can also be known to the passengers and also the airlines employees through an internet based application. Before 1995, British Airways was one of the most profitable organizations that were available in the industry but time changed as the number of competitors in the industry increased. After the recession in 1995, the profit margin also reduced as the sales of British Airways reduced. Plenty of low cost operators came into picture and hence, British Airways had to look for ways by which they can reduce the cost and at the same time, they also had to look for services that can justify the price that they are charging (Arnold 2008). Impact of working practices and cultures of different countries on British Airways The management of British Airways tries to maintain a culture that can satisfy all the employees in the organization. At the same time, the satisfaction of the employees shouldnt create an impact on the financial goals of the organization. Cultural training is given to all the employees in the organization so that they can be in sync with each other and at the same time, this training helps the employees to develop an attitude that will motivate them to stay longer with the organization. In the past, all the employees in the organization were wearing a uniform which had a cross in it but now, they know that they have their presence in different countries. People in different parts of the world follow different religions and hence, the have allowed the employees to emboss Sikh symbol or Allah symbol so that they can be connected with their religion. This helped all the employees at the workplace to feel equal (Arlow 2009). All the managers on the floor are motivated to be active in helping the employees. The managers at British Airways are trained to be friendly so that the employees can share their problems and concerns with the management rather than that of creating grape vine in the organization. British Airways believes that grape vine is one of the unhealthiest modes of communication and it should be avoided at any cost and hence, the management is designing its policy accordingly. Training the employees with regards to the attitude that they hold about the organization is one of the things that will decide about the success of the organization. The employees are motivated to understand the expectations of the customers so that change in the policy can be made accordingly. The management ensures that the employment policies of the organization are also changed at regular intervals so that the employees can believe that the management is concerned about the betterment of the employees and not just in making profits. Employees are motivated to express the multi skills that they hold as this helps the employees to be motivated to try new things and at the same time, these employees will stay back with the organization for a longer duration (Moyer 2006). Impact of global changes in British Airways Global changes are creating a direct impact on British Airways. Different organization in different corners is creating an impact on the different policies that prevail. WTO has various policies in places with regards to the airline industry and it is the responsibility of every airway, including British Airways to understand and implement the policies that are decided by WTO. WTO has let down norms regarding the maintenance repair, ticket distribution and franchising. Due to the new policies, British Airways will have to ensure that timely repairs are done to the aircrafts and the repairs with regards to the aircraft maintenance will have to be sent to WTO so that they can be safeguarded from the legal complications that they may face (Graham 2014). If British Airways is planning to give franchising rights to an organization in some country then they will have to ensure that all the WTO policies are fulfilled by the franchisee so that standardization can be maintained in the airlines industry throughout the Open skies policy is in place throughout the airlines industry. The airlines industry is looking for ways by which economies of scale can be achieved and hence, British airways cannot randomly choose timing for their aircraft. They will have to communicate with the officials and take approval from the concerned authority so that they can fly their aircraft. Open skies policy is introduced to avoid air traffic (Caswell 2012). Regulations that impact British Airways Various regulations will create an impact on the policies of British Airways. It is the responsibility of the management of British Airways to ensure that all the policies are in sync with the regulation. Few of the regulations that create a direct impact on the operations of British Airways are discussed below. Federal Trade Commission is in place to ensure that British Airways sticks to the advertising policies. Many companies have started with unethical marketing by way of displaying benefits of services and products which wasnt offered at all. This is when Federal trade commission comes into picture so that companies can follow ethical marketing that will show only the right things to the customers. Employment laws are one thing that changes frequently. It is the responsibility of management to ensure that the British Airways is in sync with the employment laws that is in place. The wages of the employees at British Airways is revised at regular intervals so that the management can be rest assured that they are in sync with the government policy. Apart from paying wages to the existing employees, the organization also ensures that the retirement benefit of the organization is in sync with that of the industry standards. British Airways also strictly adheres to the privacy policy of the company. The privacy follow allows the company to share information with only certain people and British Airways ensures that the right information is available only to the right people. The environmental policy of the company also needs to be followed British Airways. The British Airways will have to keep a track on the carbon footprint that they are creating and accordingly, they will have to plan their usage (Brankin 2011). Conclusion It is very important for British Airways to look for ways by which they can be competitive enough in the market. First and foremost, British Airways should stay ahead in the competition because there are plenty of airways. Even if the customers are slightly disappointed with any of the service that they receive from British Airways, they will look for some other airways. British Airways should develop a strategy wherein the customers are given utmost importance. This will help the customers to be associated with British Airways for a longer time. British Airways is a renowned name in the industry and hence, they can connect themselves with some charity organizations from around the world. These charity organizations will help British Airways to build a reputation in the market. Apart from that, the employees at British Airways should also be motivated to be a part of charity programs. The management should motivate the employees to undertake various charity programs. Pollution created by British Airways is quite high and hence, the management should look for ways to reduce it. The noise pollution created by aircrafts should be reduced by 15% by 2020. Carbon efficiency should be increased by 25% before 2025. Apart from that, the company should also concentrate on recycling so that the organization can be overall termed as an environmental friendly organization (Ledwidge 2007). References Graham, S, 2014, British Airways, Business traveler, Vol. 34, pp. 14-22 Ellis, D, 2011, British Airways, Business traveler, Vol. 12, pp. 3-7 Mannion, M, 2011Business Traveller, pp. 18 Dana, L, 1999,International marketing review, Vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 278-291 Swickard, J, 2003, Adweek, Vol. 23, no. 32, pp. 6 Coppola, V, 2001,Adweek, Vol. 93, no. 6, pp. 32-37 Arlow, R, 2009, Ecclesiastical law journal, Vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 240-247 Otley, T, 2013,Business Traveller, PP. 20 King, L, 2001,Engineering management Journal, Vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 5-13 Prassl, J, 2011,International law journal, Vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 82-91 Segal, S, 2009, Air Finance Journal, Vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 7-9 Eugene, T, 2003, Airways, The british medical journal, Vol. 1, no. 5329, pp. 544-545 OLeary, M, 2002, Reliability Engineering and system safety, Vol. 75, no. 2, pp. 245-255 Harbi, M, 2014,Business Traveller, pp. 26 Arnold, A, 2008,Journal of business Finance Accounting, Vol.15, no. 3, pp. 311 Moyer, K, 2006, Long Range Planning, Vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 172-181 Caswell, M, 2012, Business Traveller, pp. 10 Brankin, A, 2011, American Banker, Vol. 176, no. 180, pp. 12-45 Ledwidge, J, 2007,Human Resource management international digest, Vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 7-10.

Dirty Computer by Janelle Monae free essay sample

She’s back. Known as the ArchAndroid, queen bot Cindi Mayweather, the Electric Lady, she now takes on a simpler mantle: the Dirty Computer of her latest album. But you might have last heard artist Janelle Monae’s name in the news for a different reason, as she made headlines playing leads in the 2017 Oscar-nominated films Hidden Figures and Moonlight. Dirty Computer is different from Monae’s previous works, with a different metallic patina. There’s less of the funk and jazz that characterized her previous album, Electric Lady, none of the sassy interludes from the Chrome Shoppe or talk show Good Morning Midnight. Monae’s Wondaland is so lush and dense you can lose yourself in it, picking up clues to the universe with every new song. In this album, however, there are still interim clips, like â€Å"Jane’s Dream† and later â€Å"Stevie’s Dream,† snippets under a minute that are like a reverie. We will write a custom essay sample on Dirty Computer by Janelle Monae or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Several other songs are titled according to this computer theme, like â€Å"Take a Byte.† Languid and gloriously relaxed, Dirty Computer seems to take place in an electronic wasteland, a futuristic, bots-ridden California. And it’s the perfect place, because in a desert landscape where you can practically feel the thirst cinching your throat, Monae showcases abundance. She celebrates everything about being a woman: with unabashed strength in â€Å"Django Jane,† a rap track with pop references galore, or flourishing, delicate in â€Å"I Like That.† Monae’s electronic monolith is full of nuances; the womanhood she paints has every hue. Even the most suggestive ones; like in â€Å"Pynk,† featuring Grimes. â€Å"Make Me Feel† is a funky, unapologetic tribute to love and lust. Monae lyrically treasures her sexuality, showing you don’t need to hide it or feel ashamed, however you identify. In â€Å"Screwed,† featuring the likewise multi-talented Zoe Kravitz, while welcoming Armageddon, Monae declares the sexual revolution is hereand it’s liberating. And as always, Monae has a flair for the deeply romantic. Toward the end of the tracklist, the songs are even more exquisite, vulnerable. â€Å"Don’t Judge Me† simmers with desire, and the fear of reaching out, when nothing may be there; â€Å"So Afraid† begins with the square stanzas of a Western canter, fading into a roaring anthem, confessing, I’m afraid of it all, afraid of loving you. No art is made in a vacuum, and modern political forces can be traced, tracked, even confronted in Monae’s album. At the intersection of black, female, and queer, Monae dissects the politics, while also celebrating naturally being all three. â€Å"Crazy Classic Life† begins with an upstanding recitation of Americans’ unalienable rights, the narrator’s voice echoing the phrase, the pursuit of happinesspursuit of happinesspursuit of happiness Later in the song, over geniusly tight rap, Monae describes how the same pursuit of rule-breaking fun goes very differently for a white youth and black youththe former lightly wrist-slapped and pardoned, the latter jailed and made janitor. â€Å"Screwed† is satirical in its own way, cheerfully resigned to a world that’s going to end anyways, so we might as well have a ball. And â€Å"Americans† is the resounding finale, taking bows stage left and right to American cliches. Please sign your name on t he dotted line, she sings at the end, a toast to capitalism. We willand the name is Janelle Monae’s.